General Research
Model: mouse
Hydrogen Promotes the M1 Macrophage Conversion During the Polarization of Macrophages in Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Simplified Version Available
How Hydrogen Helps Fight Intestinal Injuries in Necrotizing Enterocolitis
A recent study found that hydrogen can help fight intestinal injuries in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by promoting the conversion of macrophages to the M1 type. This can help boost the immune system and reduce the severity of NEC. The study used a mouse model and found that hydrogen-rich water increased the number of M1 macrophages in the intestines, improving survival rates.
Read Simplified ArticleAbstract
Publish Year 2021 Country China Rank Positive Journal Frontiers in Pediatrics Primary Topic Intestine Secondary TopicIntestinal Injury Model Mouse Tertiary TopicNecrotizing Enterocolitis Vehicle Water (Dissolved) pH Neutral Application Ingestion Comparison Complement
Background
Methods: We used M1 and M2 macrophages induced from RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages, models of NEC and macrophages derived from spleens, abdominal lymph nodes and lamina propria in model mice. Cytokines, CD16/32 and CD206 were measured by quantitative PCR, flow cytometry. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were determined by western blot. Histology staining were used to assess the severity of NEC.
Methods
Results: Macrophages were successfully polarized to M1 or M2 by assessing the expression of inflammatory factors. Pro-inflammatory factors and CD16/32 in M1 macrophages were decreased, and the expression of CD16/32 in lamina propria were inhibited after treatment with hydrogen, but the changes has no effects in other tissues. Hydrogen inhibited the NF-κB p65 in M1 macrophages nucleus and distal ileum of NEC. HE staining showed hydrogen could attenuate the severity of NEC.
Results
Conclusion: Hydrogen could attenuate the severity of NEC through promoting M1 macrophages conversion by inhibited the expression of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus.